Educational implications of classical and operant conditioning. Implications of Operant Conditioning in Teaching & Learning 2022-11-06

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Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are two influential theories of learning developed by Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner, respectively. These theories have had significant implications on the field of education and continue to shape our understanding of how people learn.

Classical conditioning, also known as Pavlovian conditioning, is a type of learning in which an animal or human learns to associate a particular stimulus with a particular response. This type of learning is based on the concept of reflexes, which are automatic responses to stimuli. For example, if a dog hears a bell ring every time it is about to receive food, it will eventually associate the bell with food and start salivating in anticipation of a meal when it hears the bell.

Operant conditioning, on the other hand, is a type of learning in which an animal or human learns to associate a particular behavior with a particular consequence. This type of learning is based on the concept of reinforcement, which is the process of strengthening a behavior by providing a positive or negative consequence following the behavior. For example, if a child is praised for doing well on a test, they are more likely to repeat the behavior of studying hard in the future because they have been reinforced with positive reinforcement (praise).

Both classical and operant conditioning have significant implications for education. For example, teachers can use classical conditioning to help students learn new information by associating it with something familiar or enjoyable. For example, if a teacher plays a catchy song before introducing a new lesson, students may be more likely to pay attention and retain the information because the song serves as a positive stimulus.

Operant conditioning can also be used in education to encourage positive behavior and discourage negative behavior. For example, a teacher can use positive reinforcement to praise students for good behavior or completing assignments on time, which will increase the likelihood of these behaviors being repeated in the future. On the other hand, a teacher can use negative reinforcement to remove an unpleasant stimulus (e.g. extra homework) when a student demonstrates good behavior, which will also increase the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.

In conclusion, classical and operant conditioning are influential theories of learning that have had significant implications for education. By understanding how these theories work, teachers can use them to encourage positive behaviors and facilitate learning in their students.

Educational Implications of Pavlov's Classical Conditioning Theory of Learning

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

Hull believed the animal would repeat any behavior that reduced a drive, if the same need occurred again. The "Pigeon Box" was Skinner's go-to equipment for working with pigeons in his experiments. Pavlov 's theory of classical conditioning consisted of a dog, a bell, food, and salivation. Behaviour therapy attempts to treat behaviour disorders by reinforcing socially adaptive behaviour and extinguishing maladaptive behaviuor. Operant conditioning is giving or taking away something to increase or decrease a behavior.


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What is the implication of classical conditioning in the classroom?

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

For example, you shiver to get warm. Initially teacher should provide very weak form of conditioned stimulus. American behavioral psychologist B. He specified that the probability that a particular stimulus would lead to a particular response the "excitation potential" using a formula. Positive reinforcers benefit children because they are rewarded for their efforts. Smallest Behavior is controlled at initial stage. For now, the point is that the chimpanzees' abilities to plan routes are not as unique as they appeared at the time.

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Point out the educational implications of Skinner’s operant conditioning theory.

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

Explanations of what happens constitute learning theories. This theory was propounded by the Greek Philosophers, notable among them was Aristotle. This theory believes in Gestalt, an assertion which views learning from a whole or complete form rather than in isolated form. The pattern of these behaviors--failure, pause, looking at the potential tools, and then the attempt--would seem to involve insight and planning, at least on the first occasion. Hull's theory once dominated American psychology; now it has all but disappeared.

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The Importance Of Operant Conditioning And Classical...

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

Unlike traditional conditioning models, in which the conditional stimulus CS precedes the unconditional stimulus US , the conditional response CR tends to be inhibitory. As a result, operant conditioning advocates the implementation of behaviour modification programmes in an effort to mould desired behaviours and weed out unintended ones. For example a Maths teacher with his or her defective method of teaching and improper behavior in the classroom may be disliked by Learners. In other words, Skinner's theory explained how we acquire the range of learned behaviors we exhibit each and every day. However, things did not work out that way.

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Defintion and Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

In this experiment, a pigeon was rewarded for pecking at an illuminated plastic key that was fixed on the wall at head height and was given grain in return. Salivation in the presence of food can also be an example of operant behaviour. This is known as shaping behaviour. Thorndike later revised this law of exercise and accordingly it is accepted that practice does bring improvement in learning but it in itself is not sufficient. Reinforcer and Reinforcement 4. For example, the repeated use of a drug could cause the body to compensate for it, in an effort to counterbalance the effects of the drug. The teacher must first determine what kind of behaviour is needed.

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Operant Conditioning Definition and Educational Implications

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

Consequently, mechanical learning in the form of teaching machines and computer-assisted instructions have replaced usual classroom instructions. What are the limitations of classical conditioning? Define: Classical Conditioning is learning theory based on the assumption that the learning process occurs due to associations between an environmental stimulus and a natural occurring stimulus, as indicated in our textbook. What happens during the conditioning phase of learning? Skinner conducted "Skinner's Experiment" B. Teaching is the arrangement of contingencies of reinforcement which expedite learning. Punishment is an action which is carried out with the objective to either decrease or eliminate a certain kind of behaviour from being repeated. Reinforcement of the Positive A positive reinforcer is anything that increases the likelihood of a specific behaviour occurring as a result of the introduction or presentation of that stimulus. Anxiety is a generalized fear response.

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Classical and Operant Conditioning in Education

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Teachers are able to apply classical conditioning in the class by creating a positive classroom environment to help students overcome anxiety or fear. Poor performance on one assignment or test does not mean that the student is a week student. We make decisions and execute the long-range and momentary activities of our day in conformity with predictions based upon learnt and reinforced pairings of occurrences and responses. Such individuals do not appreciate the angst that children experienced when a major news event occurred and their already paltry viewing choices were preempted because the President of the United States felt the need. Facilitates Creativity The classical conditioning theory facilitates the use of creative instructional methods like the use of audio-visual aids which can make the classroom environment more engaging and encouraging.

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Educational Implications OF Classical Conditioning Theory

educational implications of classical and operant conditioning

Few theories in the history of psychology have soared so high or fallen so low. Instead of waiting for the complete behaviour, the teacher should reinforce components of the total behaviour. Behaviorist views have shaped much of contemporary education in children and adult learning. To begin with, Thorndike observed many responses by the cat, but they were all ineffective. The cognitive processing underlying these abilities will become clearer when we look at navigation by chimps in a later chapter. If the teacher abruptly stops reinforcing the behaviour, it is likely to be extinguished. Homeostasis is a word that refers to the active regulation of critical biological variables.

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