Describe the basic organization of a computer system. 5 Basic Structure of Computer System 2022-11-05

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A computer system consists of hardware and software components that work together to perform tasks. The hardware components of a computer system include the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, and input/output (I/O) devices. The software components include the operating system and application programs.

The CPU, also known as the processor, is the brain of the computer. It executes instructions and performs calculations for the computer. The memory, or main memory, stores data and instructions for the CPU to access and use. There are two types of memory: random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). RAM is volatile memory, which means it is erased when the computer is turned off. ROM is non-volatile memory, which means it retains its data even when the power is off.

Storage devices, such as hard drives and solid-state drives, are used to store data and programs permanently. Input devices, such as a keyboard and mouse, allow a user to input data into the computer. Output devices, such as a monitor and printer, allow the computer to display or print the results of its processing.

The operating system is the software that controls the hardware and coordinates the execution of application programs. It provides a user interface, manages the resources of the computer, and performs tasks such as scheduling, input/output operations, and memory management. Application programs are software designed to perform specific tasks, such as word processing, web browsing, or playing games.

In summary, a computer system is made up of hardware and software components that work together to process data and perform tasks. The CPU and memory handle the processing, storage devices store data, and I/O devices allow for interaction with the user. The operating system coordinates the operation of these components and runs application programs.

What are the basic organization of a computer system?

describe the basic organization of a computer system

OpticalMarkReader Recognition MICR OMR 11. You move it across the desk and its movement is shown on the screen by a marker known as a 'cursor'. Final Words If you enjoyed reading the article on the Basic structure of computersplease like and share our article with friends and colleagues. Circuit Board : Contains all of the electronics to handle the data read from or written to the diskette. They are essentially CD ROM drives with one difference.

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Basic Computer Terminology: Operating System, CPU, Hardware

describe the basic organization of a computer system

But never touch the inner disk - you could damage the data that is stored on it. SRAM is costlier but has higher speed than DRAM. I Guarantee you, after reading this article you will not need to read any other Articles. Static RAM SRAM : The information stored in Static RAM need not be refreshed, but it remains stable as long as power supply is provided. Output: the presentation of information to the user e. INPUT DEVICES Anything that feeds the data into the computer.

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5 Basic Structure of Computer System

describe the basic organization of a computer system

There are four steps that nearly all CPUs use in their operation: fetch, decode, execute, and write back. Scanners allow information such as a photo or text to be input into a computer. These devices display information that has been held or generated within a computer. And lastly, in the fourth section is the computer's storage device s , which contains permanent information such as documents and pictures. The remaining parts of the number usually provide information required for that instruction, such as operands for an addition operation. Drive Motor: A very small spindle motor engages the metal hub at the center of the diskette, spinning it at either 300 or 360 rotations per minute RPM. When the disk is inserted into the disk drive, the drive hooks into those holes to spin the circle.

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Architecture of Computer System

describe the basic organization of a computer system

. Computers are an integral part of every part of human life. The remaining 12 bits are used to specify the type of the input-output operation or test performed. To write the data on a CD a higher power laser are used to record the data on a CD. Similar to an aircraft's control stick, it enables you to move within the screen's environment, and is widely used in the computer games industry. The input and output data can be stored in these buffers. Control Unit It controls all other units of the computer.

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Basic Structure of Computers in Computer Organization

describe the basic organization of a computer system

Storage Unit This unit holds the data and instructions. However once the chip has been programmed the recorded information cannot be changed, i. ROM is "built-in" computer memory containing data that normally can only be read, not written to hence the name read only. We hope that you have fully understood about basic If you liked this article, then you can share this post. It also stores the data for later use. Computers use disks for storage: hard disks that are located inside the computer, and floppy or compact disks that are used externally. The block diagram given here may instill a basic idea of a modern computer system and its working.

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Computer System Organisation

describe the basic organization of a computer system

This kind of memory is located on one or more microchips that are physically close to the microprocessor in your computer. This can be accomplished through the monitor or other graphical display , printer, speakers etc. It is used for permanent storage of data. Track ball looks like a mouse, as the roller is on the top with selection buttons on the side. There are various structure of computer, which are given below. Output units are also known as video cards, graphics cards, display adapters, and monitors. Otherwise, the instruction is an input-output type having bit 1 at position 15.

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Computer Instructions

describe the basic organization of a computer system

They are upgradeable, so you can add more when your computer runs really slowly. A Light Pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a VDU. Registers contain information that the arithmetic and logic unit needs to carry out the current instruction. The arithmetic and logic unit can very quickly transfer information between a processor register and locations in main storage, also known as a "memory addresses". MICR device reads the patterns of these characters and compares them with special patterns stored in memory.

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Basic Computer Organization

describe the basic organization of a computer system

Cache memory It is a special type of internal memory used by many central processing units to increase their performance or "throughput". Output devices display information in a way that you can understand. If you ever do the hardware setup procedure with your computer, you effectively will be writing to ROM. Thus it is also known as central nervous system of the computer. For example: Gaming video. Register - reference instruction The Register-reference instructions are represented by the Opcode 111 with a 0 in the leftmost bit bit 15 of the instruction. It's one of the most popular household appliances in the world.

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What are the four basic functions of a computer system?

describe the basic organization of a computer system

The central processing acts as the boss in complete computer architecture. If storage was removed, the device we had would be a simple calculator instead of a computer. OUTPUT DEVICES : Output devices display information in a way that you can you can understand. At a fundamental level, computers operate through these four functions: input, output, processing, and storage. The data on the CD is recorded as a series of microscopic pits and lands physically embossed on an aluminum substrate. On the disks, there are many tracks or cylinders. It is sometimes considered better than a mouse, because it requires little arm movement and less desktop space.

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