A total institution is a social organization that controls and regulates the lives of its members in nearly all aspects. This type of institution is often characterized by a high level of social isolation and a strict hierarchy, with rules and regulations that govern every aspect of an individual's life. Total institutions can be found in a variety of settings, including prisons, military bases, monasteries, and mental hospitals.
Total institutions have been the subject of much sociological study, as they provide a unique opportunity to study the effects of social control on individuals. In these settings, individuals are often stripped of their autonomy and must conform to the rules and regulations of the institution. This can have a profound impact on their behavior and attitudes, as they are constantly being monitored and evaluated by those in positions of authority.
One of the key features of total institutions is their high level of social isolation. This isolation can be both physical and social, as individuals are often cut off from the outside world and are only allowed to interact with other members of the institution. This lack of contact with the outside world can have a detrimental effect on an individual's social and emotional well-being, as they are unable to form close relationships or engage in meaningful social interactions.
Total institutions are also characterized by a strict hierarchy, with those in positions of authority having significant control over the lives of those below them. This hierarchy can be seen in the way in which rules and regulations are enforced, as well as in the way in which individuals are treated. Those who do not conform to the rules of the institution may be punished or ostracized, further contributing to the sense of social isolation and control.
Despite the often negative effects of total institutions, they do serve important societal functions. Prisons, for example, serve to protect society by keeping dangerous individuals off the streets. Similarly, mental hospitals and rehabilitation centers provide important care and treatment for those suffering from mental illness or addiction.
In conclusion, total institutions are social organizations that control and regulate the lives of their members in nearly all aspects. These institutions are characterized by high levels of social isolation, strict hierarchies, and strict rules and regulations. While total institutions can have negative effects on individuals, they also serve important societal functions.
