Biostatistics is a branch of statistics that focuses on the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data in the field of biology and medicine. It is an important tool for researchers and practitioners in these fields, as it allows them to draw conclusions and make informed decisions based on empirical evidence.
Here are some sample questions that might be covered in a course on biostatistics:
How do we calculate the mean and standard deviation of a dataset?
How do we use statistical tests, such as t-tests and ANOVA, to compare means between different groups or to assess the statistical significance of a relationship between two variables?
How do we use regression analysis to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables?
How do we use chi-square tests to determine if there is a significant difference between observed and expected frequencies in a categorical dataset?
How do we use survival analysis to analyze data on the time it takes for an event of interest to occur, such as the time it takes for a patient to recover from a disease or the time it takes for a product to fail?
How do we use graphical techniques, such as box plots and scatterplots, to visualize and summarize data?
How do we use sampling techniques, such as random sampling and stratified sampling, to ensure that our sample is representative of the larger population?
How do we use sampling distributions to understand the variability in a sample estimate and to construct confidence intervals for population parameters?
How do we use power analysis to determine the sample size needed to detect a statistically significant effect with a given level of confidence?
How do we use meta-analysis to combine the results of multiple studies to obtain a more precise estimate of a treatment or intervention's effectiveness?
These are just a few examples of the types of questions that might be addressed in a course on biostatistics. The field is vast and encompasses a wide range of statistical techniques and methods, all of which are designed to help researchers and practitioners draw reliable and valid conclusions from data.
BCPS Biostatistics questions
The interval between 100 and 110 is same as that between 130 and 140. Random errors : errors that follow the principle of indifference. A large SD shows that individual data points are clustered closer to the mean. According to the second point of view, biostatistics is a science that has no material content, but studies only the laws of mass phenomena. Chapter 18: Relative risk, relative and absolute risk reduction, number needed to treat and confidence intervals. It also includes binominal data, which refers to two possible outcomes.
Statistics, in contrast to it, studies quantitative material phenomena that have specific qualitative characteristics. These also can be ordered as elementary school, high school, some college, and college graduate. Suppose a study examined the relationship between workers exposed to an asbestos for more than 10 years and the risk of developing asthma. A 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean wool yield between the new and old breeds is 0. Smart health choices: making sense of health advice.
Please refer to Biostatistics Table file. The scores of Naplex for 10 students are 75, 82, 90, 92, 67, 95, 110, 80, 82, 86. Because there is one value much higher 96 bpm , this skews the data to the right, or it moves the mean towards the right. This means that aspirin had a 28% reduction in death from colorectal cancer, 1 — 0. In the ARISTOTLE Study the rate of the primary outcome was 1. So, in the above example, the mean of the data can be calculated by adding up the individual values and dividing the sum by number of students n.
Biostatistics and Epidemiology Step 1 Sample Questions Set 1
It is a representation of the number of patients who need to be treated to prevent one additional event compared to treating the same number of patients with the control therapy. In addition to being able to classify people into these three categories, you can order the categories as low, medium and high. Hazard ratio can be used to compare time-to-event data between 2 groups. If the confidence interval did not include 1, but the relative risk was greater than 1, then there would be a greater risk for death with the treatment group than the placebo group. Chapter 18: Relative risk, relative and absolute risk reduction, number needed to treat and confidence intervals.
For example, when carrying out medical and social research, studying mortality, fertility and morbidity, they combine statistical materials for the main socio-economic groups. The odds of death, myocardial infarction, ischemia-driven revascularization, or stent thrombosis at 48 hours after randomization in the Cangrelor arm were 35% less than in the Clopidogrel arm with the true population effect between 45% and 17%. For example, outcome of cancer may be death or survival, drug therapy with drug 8X9 will show improvement or no improvement at all. Our experts can give the best evaluation of the economic effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic measures that is based on the methods of economic science. Relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction and number needed to treat. A set of numbers can have more than one mode this is known as bimodal if there are multiple numbers that occur with equal frequency, and more times than the others in the set.
Discrete variable: Suppose we flip a coin and count the number of tails. The statistics industry, which studies issues related to medicine, hygiene and public health, is called biostatistics. A continuous variable can take any value within a given range. It can be said that the content of biostatistics is a quantitative study of the health processes of the population and the activities of the health protection system. A formal method to assign subjects by chance to one or the other treatment. This result was statistically NOT significant.
Quantitative variables that can have any numerical values are called a quantitative variables b Discrete variable c absolute variables d continuous variables 16. If these categories were equally spaced, then the variable would be an interval variable. In logic, an argument is valid if the conclusions follow from the premises b. But such an approach is not legitimate, because mathematics is involved in the study of quantitative regularities, independent of qualitative composition. To get better idea, look the following data set: 75, 82, 75, 92, 67, 95, 75, 80, 82, 86. Download Biostatistics and Epidemiology Step 1 Sample Questions Set 1 and more Biostatistics Study notes in PDF only on Docsity! If you need information on the number, sex and age, as well as the professional compositions of the population, its location in cities, rural areas, and migration processes, we can help you with that.
Reference: Montori VM, Kleinbart J, Newman TB, et al. This is considered in direct connection with the environmental factors with the leading importance of social factors. The ability to generalize and analyze the information obtained in everyday medical practice allows us to approach the solution of clinical and organizational problems at a higher qualitative level. This result was statistically NOT significant. How can this data best be interpreted? Mathematical statistics is a branch of mathematics, and its positions are used in the study of social phenomena, taking into account and analyzing their qualitative content and specifics. What is the corresponding P-value? In a medical class of 147 students, the distribution of scores on a biochemistry final examination has a mean equal to 67, a median equal to 76, a mode equal to 80, a standard deviation equal to 5.
Since r 2 equals 1, this indicates there is no relationship between drinking coffee and developing insomnia. One chosen from a carefully defined population with the aid of a formal method to avoid bias. Relative risk reduction: 0. The results are not significant because the confidence interval is greater than 1. Pancreatic Cancer No Pancreatic Cancer Total Smokers 50 60 110 Non-smokers 40 80 120 Total 90 140 230 What is the odds ratio that a patient diagnosed with pancreatic cancer is a current smoker compared to a patient without pancreatic cancer? Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 1. Reference: "Statistics at Square One The BMJ". Among women 65 years old or older, subgroup analyses showed RR 0.
What is the prevalence of TB in Dresener County in 2016? The investigators are concerned about the possibility that episodes of major gastrointestinal hemorrhage could be over-reported in the placebo group. For example, blood pressure values are generally discrete variables or number of cigarettes smoked per day by a person. Confounding: The effect of two or more variables that do not allow a conclusion about either one separately. Biostatistics consists of statistical information, as well as methods in which special recommendations are used for studying health issues and social problems. So it is appropriate to make a statement: The rate of death from any cause was lower in the Apixaban group than in Warfarin group the meaning of 1 in a confidence ration indicates that the risk reduction in the outcome is the same between the two groups. RXEXAMÆ is a registered trademark of Pharmacy Exam of Krishna Publications Inc.
