p-Nitroacetanilide, also known as p-nitroaniline, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H7NO3. It is a pale yellow solid that is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and ether, but not water.
p-Nitroacetanilide is used as a starting material in the synthesis of a variety of chemicals, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. It is also used as an intermediate in the production of other nitroaromatic compounds.
The synthesis of p-nitroacetanilide typically involves the nitration of acetanilide, which is done by reacting acetanilide with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. This reaction is known as the Sandmeyer reaction, named after the Swiss chemist Carl Julius von Sandmeyer who first described it in 1875. The yield of p-nitroacetanilide from this reaction can be improved by using a suitable catalyst, such as copper or iron.
p-Nitroacetanilide is highly toxic and can cause severe skin and eye irritation. It should be handled with caution and appropriate protective measures should be taken when working with it. In addition, p-nitroacetanilide is a potential carcinogen, and long-term exposure to it can increase the risk of cancer.
Despite its potential hazards, p-nitroacetanilide is an important chemical compound with a wide range of uses. It continues to be used in the synthesis of a variety of chemicals, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals, and will likely remain an important chemical in the future.
What is the formula for p
Other names of p-Nitroacetanilide can be given as p-Acetamido Nitrobenzene, N- 4-nitrophenyl acetamide, N-Acetyl-4-nitroaniline, and p-Nitroacetanilide. How can we separate p-nitroacetanilide from O-nitroacetanilide in the crude sample? The mixture would become warm, and would form a clear solution. It was also used to prepare 4-aminoacetanilide. Therefore, p-nitroacetanilide is fashioned as the primary product. Also, along with p-nitro acetanilide, as a minor product, o-nitro acetanilide is also formed.
Manoharlal Bang, to cater to the growing requirements of value based Specialty Chemicals. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride NH 2 OH. Enterprises manufacture, export and supply various Industrial Chemicals, Food Chemicals, Organic Solvents and Rubber Chemicals, and a diverse range of chemicals, to meet the demands of diverse industries under numerous industrial sectors. Theory The organic compound p-nitro acetanilide can be prepared from the acetanilide through nitration. Acetanilide has no odour. Add 5 cm3 9 g of concentrated sulphuric acid with stirring. Here, the electrophile -NO 2 will attach the para position because the -NHCOCH 3 is considered as an electron releasing group.
Ethanol is flammable, so it is advised to handle with care. As a result, purified p-Nitroacetanilide is obtained, and the melting point is also determined. Generally, it is slightly yellowish. Purification of p-Nitroacetanilide recrystallisation The first product, obtained from the reaction, contains mainly Para Nitroacetanilide or p-Nitroacetanilide. Para nitro acetanilide is also referred to as 4-Nitroacetanilide. By doing so, the solution becomes warm. Along with the para product, a trace of ortho product is also formed.
The crystals of the product separate out. Additionally, ions of acetic acid are poor nucleophiles, which ensure that there will be no substitution reaction during dissolving. Nitro compounds are used as starting materials for many important commercially useful materials such as dyes, drugs, explosives, etc. Lastly, the acetanilide is purified via the process of crystallisation. Nitration of activated aromatic compounds is carried out under milder condition whereas deactivated rings require drastic conditions.
Therefore, the p-nitroacetanilide is formed as the major product. Used in pesticides and rubber chemicals also used as an intermediate for dyes. Hence, it is named Para Nitroacetanilide. EXPERIMENT 11 PREPARATION OF p-NITROACETANILIDE Structure 1 1 Introduction Objectives 1 1 Principle 1 1 Requirements 1 1 Procedure 1 1 Observations 1 1 Calculations 11 Result 11 Summary 11. They result in two products of nitrified P-nitroacetanilide and o-Nitroacetanilide. To this add a mixture of 0. Is 4 nitroacetanilide insoluble in water? Moreover, it is used to develop poultry medicines, anti-oxidants, gasoline, pesticides, and rubber chemicals.
Moreover, the glacial acetic acid is also used during preparation, as it possesses the properties of a polar solvent, which regulates the acetanilide dissolving. Maintain the temperature below 10°C Curing the addition. Crude nitroacetanilide separates out at once. After addition is over allow the mixture to attain room temperature and leave it for 30 minutes. Deuterochloroform CDCl 3 is defined as toxic, so it also should be handled with care. The acetarnido group -NHCOCH3 in acetanilide is ortho and para directing. Pour the reaction mixture into 50 cm3 of cold water contained in a beaker' with stirring.
Cool the solution to 0-2OC with a freezing mixture of ice and salt. Mainly, the p-Nitroacetanilide is prepared via nitration of acetanilide. Re-crystallization: Dissolve the crude product in minimum amount of ethyl alcohol in a beaker by heating on a water bath. Nitro compounds are used as beginning substances for lots of commercially beneficial materials consisting of dyes, pills, explosives, and so forth. It is used in pharmaceuticals, gum inhibitors, dyes, etc. Pour the mixture on to crushed ice 20 g with stirring.
Filter the hot solution and cool the filtrate. Since o-nitro acetanilide is much soluble in alcohol, it is so easy to isolate p-nitro acetanilide through crystallization. Crystallisation is carried out to break the solid-liquid form of p-Nitroacetanilide. Principle: Aromatic compounds can be conveniently nitrated by the use of the nitrating mixture, which is normally a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid. Crystallisation is one of the major processes used in the field of chemistry. Take the residue in a beaker, stir with cold water and filter again. So, o-nitroacetanilide remains in the initial solvent and during crystallization only p-nitroacetanilide forms crystals and separates out from the mixture.
The acetamido group which is -NHCOCH 3 in acetanilide is para and directing. Introduction to Preparation of p-Nitroacetanilide Nitration is an important reaction that is used within the training of nitro compounds. Objectives After performing this experiment, you should be able to: prepare p-nitroacetanilide, recrystal1is thep-nitroacetanilide, perform the nitration of other compounds, and determine the melting point ofp-nitroacetanilide prepared. Principle of p-Nitroacetanilide The p-Nitroacetanilide is prepared via nitration of acetanilide. On crystallisation fiom ethyl alcohol, p-nitroacetanilide crystallises out as almost colourless crystals while the ortho isomer remains in solution. Before moving further, here is a summary of acetanilide. Therefore, on nitration a mixture of o- and p-nitroacetanilide is formed: The acetamido group being a bulky group causes steric hindrance at the ortho position.
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