Mother tongue based multilingual education definition. Mother tongue 2022-11-02
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Mother tongue based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) is an approach to teaching and learning that recognizes and values the linguistic and cultural diversity of a community. It involves the use of the student's first or home language, also known as the mother tongue, as the primary language of instruction, with the goal of promoting linguistic, cognitive, and academic development.
MTB-MLE is grounded in the belief that the use of a student's mother tongue as the primary language of instruction can facilitate their learning and lead to better academic outcomes. Research has shown that students who receive instruction in their mother tongue tend to have higher levels of engagement and motivation, and are more likely to retain the information they have learned. Additionally, the use of a student's mother tongue can also support their development of other languages, as it provides a foundation for learning and helps students to better understand and process new information.
MTB-MLE programs often involve the use of multiple languages, as students may be exposed to additional languages in their community or in the broader society. These programs may include elements of bilingual or multilingual education, in which two or more languages are used as the medium of instruction.
MTB-MLE programs can be implemented in a variety of educational settings, including primary, secondary, and higher education institutions. They may also be implemented in non-formal education settings, such as community-based organizations or after-school programs.
MTB-MLE programs can have a positive impact on the linguistic and cultural diversity of a community, as they can help to preserve and promote the use of minority languages. They can also support the development of multilingual individuals who are able to communicate effectively in a variety of languages, which can have a number of benefits in terms of employment, social interactions, and cultural understanding.
Overall, mother tongue based multilingual education is an important approach to teaching and learning that recognizes and values linguistic and cultural diversity. It has the potential to support the academic and linguistic development of students and promote the preservation and promotion of minority languages.
Mother Tongue
For example, a World Bank study in Mali found that French-only programs cost 27% more in a six-year primary school cycle than MTB programs. This paper explores language policy and planning from the perspectives of global ideologies, national agendas, and local transformation in two Asian countries, Vietnam and Nepal. Early Literacy for All students in their Language: how Gambia is scaling the reading reform. However, it is encouraging to see that the evidence that young children learn better in their mother tongue is growing and comes from developing countries themselves. Dr Mishra conducted 2 NAtional Seminars and one international Seminar on MLE during 2006-2019.
Multilingual Education in that sense underscores the importance of the child's worldview in shaping his or her learning. Too bad the political power structure in my country ignores this evidence--the USA. In most countries, the majority of students are taught in a language other than their mother tongue, which compromises their ability to learn effectively. A good demonstrator of this effort is the Early Literacy in National Languages pilot program ELINL in the Gambia, supported by the World Bank and the Global Partnership for Education. Malawi, Kenya, among others also showed encouraging improvements in the foundational reading skills USAID, 2014.
Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education Programs
Allowing code-switching in schools with high English learner EL populations can increase the potential for enhanced English-learning and academic performance. Children learn first in a familiar language and then gradually add a second language. It was initiated in 2005 and is now running in 2250 schools with majority tribal children. MTBME, introduced in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh of India lately has shown considerable decrease in school dropouts among tribal children. Bilingual education Education programmes that are aiming at children to become bilingual and biliterate the ability to read and write in two languages are increasingly popular in Europe and have existed for many years in other parts of the worlds. Guest author: Merwa Koyash References Ball, Jessica. D P Pattanayak and Prof Khageswar Mahapatra, the eminent multilingual Experts, the state government started MLE programme in te tribal languages in 547 schools.
For example, they may speak one language with their mother, another with their father and a third with their grandparents. Instead, textbooks and teaching are in a language they neither speak nor understand. In addition to education, MTB programs allow children to explore their full potential without being constrained by trying to express themselves in a second language. There are 613 Tribal communities and they speak around 304 mother tongues. Remote learning based on the mother tongue should be incorporated into education systems in order for all learners, especially those from linguistic minorities, to access education during school closures and beyond.
The power of mother tongue and multilingual education
Multilingual education typically refers to "first-language-first" education, that is, schooling which begins in the mother tongue and transitions to additional languages. Those who do have access to school but do not speak the official language when they enter the education system find that their knowledge, experience and language-rather than serving as a foundation for learning-are treated as a disadvantage. There is not one model that fits all contexts in which multilingual children are learning and which meets all of their learning needs. Literacy is the cornerstone of education, but for many children, developing literacy means learning an entirely new language, one they do not speak at home. Children in this study who moved too quickly to transfer from first to second language instruction performed at lower levels than before when they only learned in first language instruction. MTB policies can also offset costs by strengthening local book markets. Language policy was also formulated.
To address the language- education of ethnic minorities children in schools, the Odisha government started Multilingual Education programme, ten tribal languages. The programme was also supported by Summer Institute of Linguistics led by Mr Steve Simpson and Vicky Simpson, Pamela Mackenzie. The inclusion of languages in the digital world and the creation of inclusive learning content is vital. In addition to the basic theory of Paulo Freire on critical pedagogy, Gramscian theory on education, Lev Vigostky's scaffolding and Piaget's theory of cognition is applied in the Multilingual Education. Information on Some Tough Questions, University of North Dakota Working Papers in Linguistics. This practice is also called translanguaging and is offered in many Language Friendly Schools see below. This will be examined with reference to the existing models of multilingual education policies: three-language-formula L1, L2 and English and Mother-Tongue-Based Multilingual Education MTBME.
Through its normative frameworks for language policy and education, UNESCO shares good practices in bilingual and multilingual education and mother tongue instruction. Research shows that the opposite is true — children learn better and faster when they are able to build on their home languages, see below — but also that In 2021, the United Nations Committee on Racial Discrimination CERD , which supervises the United Nations Convention on the Eliminations of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, expressed its Multilingual education programmes Fortunately, there are schools offering multilingual education programmes that aim at teaching children another language at no expense to their home language. Children who are not fluent speakers of the school language may be offered some form of language support or no support at all. This is usually the language that children speak at home with their family. This makes schools more welcoming for parents and communities.
Based on the theories of Multilingual Education that are spelled out here, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa have adopted a thematic approach to multilingual education. For example, Inuit students who received instruction in their first language Inuktitut had higher levels of self-esteem compared to Inuit students who were only educated in their second language English or French. How can we efficiently connect teaching in their mother tongue to teaching in a second language later on? The unique thing in this approach is to involve the community in creating their own curriculum and minimise the theoretical hegemony, thereby creating a new set of people who believe in the ethics of creating and sharing knowledge for the society than to limit it to the theoreticians. In many countries, distance teaching and learning tools, programmes and content were not always able to reflect linguistic diversity: They were largely provided in dominant national or international languages. And more importantly, these foundational skills significantly increase learning later on. I've never seen a study that showed that teaching students to read first in their second language, perhaps the national language, leads to more proficiency in the national language than beginning first in the mother tongue.
The major reason is the cost, namely of teaching and learning materials. Another element that exacerbates the digital divide is the fact that many languages are not present on the Internet: There is a major linguistic divide in cyberspace today. The benefits to MTB instruction are clear. This will allow them to continue communicating with their families, to pursue higher education and to contribute meaningfully to society. And when a language disappears, it takes with it an entire cultural and intellectual heritage. There are reasons for this: some countries have hundreds of local languages -- making the cost of creating learning materials for all languages high. According to UNESCO's study on MTB education programs, children not only improve their literacy skills, but they also build greater self-confidence and cultural pride.
